Asperger syndrome ("Asperger") is a developmental disorder. It is an
autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of a distinct group of neurological conditions characterized by a greater or lesser degree of impairment in language and communication skills, as well as repetitive or restrictive patterns of thought and behavior.
Children with Asperger retain their early language skills, unlike children with autism.
The most distinguishing symptom of Asperger is a child's obsessive interest in a single object or topic to the exclusion of any other. Children with this condition want to know everything about their topic of interest, and their conversations with others will be about little else.
Children with Asperger often display expertise, a high level of vocabulary, and formal speech patterns that make them seem like little professors. Other characteristics include:
- Repetitive routines or rituals
- Problems with nonverbal communication
- Peculiarities in speech and language
- Clumsy and uncoordinated motor movements
- Socially and emotionally inappropriate behavior and the inability to interact successfully with peers.
Children with Asperger are often isolated because of their poor social skills and narrow interests. They often make normal conversation impossible by inappropriate or eccentric behavior, or by wanting only to talk about their singular interest. These children usually have a history of developmental delays in motor skills, such as pedaling a bike, catching a ball, or climbing outdoor play equipment. They are often awkward and poorly coordinated.
The ideal
Asperger treatment coordinates therapies that address the three core symptoms of the disorder:
- Obsessive or repetitive routines
- Physical clumsiness
- Poor communication skills.
There is no single, best treatment for all children with Asperger, but most professionals agree that the earlier the intervention, the better.
An effective treatment program for Asperger:
- Provides regular reinforcement of behavior
- Builds on the child's interests
- Offers a predictable schedule
- Teaches tasks as a series of simple steps
- Actively engages the child's attention in highly structured activities.
Prognosis for People With Asperger
With effective treatment, children with Asperger can learn to cope with their disabilities, but they may still find social situations and personal relationships challenging. The condition is not fatal and does not affect normal life expectancy.
Adults with Asperger are often able to work in mainstream jobs, although they may continue to require encouragement and moral support to maintain an independent life.
